Type 2 Diabetes: Living With Complications - Medications

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type 2 diabetes. You may be taking insulin by
injection or through an
insulin pump alone or along with oral diabetes
medication. Taking these medications as prescribed can help keep your blood
sugar levels within your
target range. For information on these medications,
see the Medications section of the topic
Type 2 Diabetes: Living With the Disease.

You may need to take:

• Aspirin. If you are age 30 or older, talk to
  your health professional about taking a low-dose, or baby, aspirin daily to
  prevent
  heart attack,
  stroke, or other large blood vessel disease (macrovascular disease).¹
• An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor,
  angiotensin II receptor blocker, or other medication if you have
  high blood pressure or have protein in your urine.
  These medications can slow or prevent further damage to your
  kidneys.
• Medications for digestive problems. The type of medication
  will depend on the problem you are having. For example, if you have
  gastroparesis, you may take metoclopramide (Reglan),
  domperidone (available in Europe and Canada), or
  erythromycin.
• Nonprescription pain relievers, creams, or
  prescription oral or injection medications if you have pain from
  peripheral neuropathy.
• Viagra, Levitra, or
  Cialis if you have erection problems. These medications can aggravate heart
  problems in some people, especially those taking nitrate medications (such as
  nitroglycerin). Check with your doctor before taking any of these
  medications.

Medication Choices

Medications for some complications include:

• Aspirin after a
  heart attack or stroke or to prevent these.
• Statins such as atorvastatin (Lipitor), simvastatin
  (Zocor), or pravastatin (Pravachol), to help prevent heart attack or
  stroke.
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or
  angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) for diabetic
  nephropathy.
• Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5
  inhibitors), such as Viagra, Levitra, or Cialis if you have erection
  problems. Check with your doctor before taking any of these medications.

What to Think About

Keep your blood sugar levels tightly within a normal or
near-normal range by taking your oral diabetes medication (and, in some cases,
insulin) as prescribed.

If you have
high cholesterol, take cholesterol-reducing
medications (such as statins) to keep your
LDL cholesterol level less than 100 mg/dL (2.60
mmol/L), your
triglyceride level less than 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L),
and if possible, your
HDL cholesterol level more than 40 mg/dL (1.15 mmol/L)
in men. Women may need an HDL level of more than 50 mg/dL.⁷ See the topic
High Cholesterol.

If you have high blood pressure, take medications to keep your
blood pressure consistently below 130/80 mm Hg. If your
systolic blood pressure is between 130 mm Hg and 139
mm Hg or your
diastolic blood pressure is between 80 mm Hg and 89 mm
Hg, you may try some lifestyle or behavioral therapy for 3 months before
starting medication.⁶ For more information, see the
topic
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension).

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